Complex single‐molecule and molecular scale entities in electrochemical environments: Mechanisms and challenges

Abstract Following a renaissance from the 1980s, electrochemistry has developed into sophisticated interdisciplinary science integrating solid‐state and surface further, biological sciences. Most remarkably, even single‐molecule can now be addressed. Single‐molecule covers transition metal complexes, organic redox molecules, fragile biomolecules, molecular‐scale hybrids between metallic nanoparticles complex supported by new theoretical frames. We overview here selected areas of molecular scale electrochemistry. After minimum, we address molecules in electron transfer, enzyme catalysis, nanoparticle catalysis. Our focus is on issues not so much previously highlighted, such as competition superexchange sequential conduction, resonance features two limits. Another aspect coherent multi‐electron transfer for large bias voltages often needed to drive enough current through solute junctions. note finally some perspectives relating DNA‐based spin transitions via chiral molecules.